Sanity Through Tragedy King Lear Essay examples - 1589 Words

King Lear is the protagonist within the play, he wears the label of a successful leader but he uses his power to project an artificial personality toward his observers. Beneath his high class physicality, Lear struggles to maintain his confidence within himself because he depends on the constant admiration from others to feel content with who he is. One who leads with counterfeit beliefs and unstable values is bound for failure. Shakespeare designed this playwright to display the tragedy of a King who slowly goes mad, however in order to reach sanity sometimes one must go completely out of their mind to gain the wisdom in telling the difference. The aspect of Lears ignorance is shown when he tests his†¦show more content†¦Observing Goneril as a character and her reaction to Lears test, one may assume that her aim is not to truly inform her father of the amount of love she carries for him, but to desire land by coating her true affection. Goneril reflects her father in this act because she feeds his need for attention as well as hers, if she did not seek the same as her father did, she would have rebelled the test. I love your majesty according to my bond, no more nor less. (1.1.94-95). Cordelia is the final speaker and presented the speech containing the greatest honesty, that she loved her father in the way a child should love their parent. Her innocence proposes that the bond between a child and a parent should not need evidence of a speech, it is an abstract bond that exists on emotions. Lear is unpleased by Cordelias speech, she is a representation of what her two sisters are not, which happens to be true love, it is not necessary for her to rise above what she truly feels for her father, and that is a personal challenge for Lear to come to terms with. So young, and so untender? (1.1.108). Searching the layers of Lears disapproval, his disappointment is past the unexpectedness of Cordelias opinions but it is an unconscious realization of the lack ofShow MoreRelatedThe Tragic Hero Of King Lear1310 Words   |  6 PagesKing Lear, one of William Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies, depicts a society in uninviting circumstances. Tragedy is depicted by the downfall of a noble hero, usually through a combination of arrogance and fate. The tragic hero s wish to achieve a goal encounters limits, those of human inability, the gods, or nature. As with all tragedies, there exists a tragic hero, one who possesses a calamitous flaw that establishes the tragedy and all the sufferings that follow. In this play, the tragic heroRead MoreIs King Lear A Tragic Hero Essay1358 Words   |  6 PagesKing Lear, one of William Shakespeare s greatest tragedies, depicts a society in grim circumstances. As with all tragedies, there exists a tragic hero [1] , one who possesses a fatal flaw that initiates the tragedy and all the sufferings that follow. In this play, the tragic hero is undoubtedly the title character, King Lear. The plot is driven by the power and consequence of losses, more specifically, the losses of Lear. In the course the play, King Lear, because of his flaws, loses his authorityRead MoreAnalysis of the Hero in King Lear1454 Words   |  6 Pages King Lear, a tragedy in which Shakespeare exhibits most fully his literary complexities, is surprisingly the least popular of the famous four. In spite of this, it is indefinitely the most talked about. For many this is Shakespeares most profound tragedy, one of the greatest plays ever written in any language at any time. It throws up questions, which remain as perplexing now as they were to Shakespeares earlier critics. And although thoroughly studied, the original story line has remained unchangedRead More Comparing the Dominant and Feminist Readings of Shakespeares King Lear1358 Words   |  6 PagesComparing the Dominant and Feminist Readings of King Lear      Ã‚   Shakespeares King Lear has been the source of much contention as to the way in which the text can be read. The play originally was written for the Jacobean audience of Shakespeares time, but since then has taken on many other readings. These new readings are produced to comment on issues in the society in which it is explored. Readings encompass a wide range of ideas - from the Dominant reading, the manner in which ShakespearesRead MoreKing Lear: Lear the Tragic Hero1662 Words   |  7 PagesKing Lear: Lear The Tragic Hero The definition of tragedy in the Oxford dictionary is, drama of elevated theme and diction and with unhappy ending; sad event, serious accident, calamity. However, the application of this terminology in Shakespearean Tragedy is more expressive. Tragedy does not only mean death or calamity, but in fact, it refers to a series of steps which leads to the downfall of the tragic hero and eventually to his tragic death. Lear, the main character in King Lear was affirmedRead MoreSuperheroes, Despite Their Different Powers, All Possess1581 Words   |  7 Pagesmaintenance of strong morals. Similarly, King Lear, the tragic hero in William Shakespeare’s play, King Lear, possesses characteristics that define him as a tragic hero, as stated by Aristotle in Poetics via A.C. Bradley’s The Shakespearean Tragic Hero. King Lear is a character of high social status, and he possesses exceptional qualities that make him a well-respected king; however, throughout the play’s events, he suffers tremendously in an unusual manner. In addition, Lear, despite being a â€Å"good† characterRead MoreSight and Blindness in King Lear1615 Words   |  7 PagesSight and Blindness in King Lear In King Lear, the recurring images of sight and blindness associated with the characters of Lear and Gloucester illustrate the theme of self-knowledge and consciousness that exist in the play. These classic tropes are inverted in King Lear, producing a situation in which those with healthy eyes are ignorant of what is going on around them, and those without vision appear to see the clearest. While Lears blindness is one which is metaphorical, the blindnessRead More King Lear: Lear The Tragic Hero Essay1617 Words   |  7 Pages King Lear: Lear The Tragic Hero nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The definition of tragedy in the Oxford dictionary is, quot;drama of elevated theme and diction and with unhappy ending; sad event, serious accident, calamity.quot; However, the application of this terminology in Shakespearean Tragedy is more expressive. Tragedy does not only mean death or calamity, but in fact, it refers to a series of steps which leads to the downfall of the tragic hero and eventually to his tragic death. Lear,Read MoreKing Lears Journey Through Hell in William Shakespeares King Lear1149 Words   |  5 PagesKing Lears Journey Through Hell in William Shakespeares King Lear Shakespeares tragedy King Lear is a detailed description of the consequences of one mans deci-sions. This fictitious man is Lear, King of England, whose decisions greatly change his life and the lives of those around him. As Lear takes on the rank of King he is, as one expects, a man of great power but he surrenders all of this power to his daughters as a reward for their display of love towards him. This sud-den surrender ofRead MoreThe Tragic Hero Of King Lear1277 Words   |  6 Pagesgreatest loss, and what distinguishes this tragedy from all others, is his chance of redemption. Unlike other tragedies, there is no salvation for the tragic hero or any sign of optimism in the conclusion. This bleak portrayal of King Lear, through his losses, makes him the ultimate tragic hero, and the play an ultimate tragedy. In every tragedy, of course, there is a tragic hero. A person who has good intentions, but leads the story to ruin through a fatal, and uncontrollable, flaw. The plot

Royal Dutch Shell Free Essays

Royal Dutch Shell: Human Rights in Nigeria Case Analysis International Business April 22, 2013 The History Royal Dutch Shell is a global company. It has about 93,000 employees and is located in more than 90 countries. It is an energy and petrochemicals business. We will write a custom essay sample on Royal Dutch Shell or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the US it was founded in 1912 by the American Gasoline Company to sell gasoline along the Pacific Coast, and Roxanna Petroleum to buy oil product properties in Oklahoma (according to Shell. US website). However, it was founded in 1907 in Europe when Royal Dutch Petroleum Company and the Shell Transport and Trading Company Ltd merged. This was done to help the company compete globally. It has done several mergers and buyouts in its hundred plus years of business. Throughout the years Shell has made changes in their business to better compete in the market from becoming a global business to investing in research and development in the newest and latest energy technologies. Today it is in the top six of oil and gas companies. It produces around 3. 1 million barrels of oil equivalent per day. The Problem The Guardian News has run an article reporting on the inconsistencies of what the Royal Dutch Shell has committed to and the reality of the situation. Two hospitals that we built in the Ogoni region of Nigeria are diametrically opposite of each other in health standards and overall aesthetics. The company has reported that it is committed to the social well-being of the area, but the reality is completely different. The Situation The situation is that we have as part of the 1996 â€Å"Ogani Reconciliation† plan committed to the social and economic well-being of the local communities. There has been millions of dollars sent to the country allocated to the areas of hospitals and medical care as well as to other needs. Though resources have been sent to build hospitals for the region, the reality is that any of the improvements that was said to be done are seriously subpar to any health standard of any country. Improvements have been done with little regard to the needs of the people and were primarily done so that it can be said that the company was committed to the local region. Though millions has been sent to the country, much of this has been siphoned off to other areas of government and possible to fill the pockets of people that are in the place of authority. Also, some decisions have been made without direct input from the region itself. What to build? Where to build? How to allocate resources? These are all questions that need a comprehensive answer that involves each of the concerned parties. It is concerning that these issues have been allowed to happen. A company of their size and magnitude should not have allowed these community projects be the mockery of the press. Royal Dutch Shell is a company that has many well rounded and sound business plans. The execution and maintenance of these business plans is one of Shell’s main issues. They have the ability to create great business plans but lack the commitment to maintain them and sometime execute them in all areas. Marketing Issues The company has had a lot of negative publicity due to the companies operation in the Ogani region of Nigeria. The company is seen to be working hand-in-hand with Nigerian security personnel with little regard to the local minority people of that region. This is causing violence and unrest of the region as well sabotage of the oil pipelines causing oil spills and environmental damage. Actions For the short term, we need to consider the following objectives: * One of the first steps is to make sure the hospital consistently has the electricity and the fuel to run a backup generator. Provide backup generators with the fuel to run them when necessary. If a lavish hospital can be kept up for the employees of our company we can keep up adequate levels of care of Gokana. This will serve as big public relations improvement. * The company should use its knowledge to help out the struggling hospital and install wind and solar power technology so they can lower the cost of electricity and help improve a bad situation. * The company should consider helping and sharing their equipment, employees, ambulances, etc. with the hospital in Ogoniland. This will show the community that Shell is â€Å"being a good neighbor†, which in turn would boost the communities morale. * Making improvements on the hospital will directly affect the people of the region. * Setup a working committee with MOSOP (Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People) and Nigerian national representatives, as well as an independent group to oversee any agreements. * Work with the region to start making the improvements that will directly affect the people of the region. * Take responsibility of the oil spills due to company failure and get these cleaned up. Take responsibility for all of the pollution * Use the people of the company to reach out into the community and start community clean up days so the people can help clean up their community and also have a little ownership into the improvements. * Review the companies committees and oversight boards and make sure that the people in place are committed to working with the region. * Reach out to the community with surveys to the people to get their feelings about Shell and what they would like to see improve. * Once improvements are made hold a press conference to help with the PR of the company. It is obvious that the public relations area has suffered. Make it a point to show what is being done to help the area. The long term goals would be to: * Work with the MOSOP to get a comprehensive plan in place that will work to end the protests and sabotage of company pipelines. * Put a sustainable corporate plan in place with independent review that all policies are being adhered to by all officers pertinent to this region. * By getting these agreements, and with the investments in the local infrastructure will cause less problems that will need money allocated to them. Work to develop better company practices to promote a higher sense of ethics and their climates in the work place * Change their business approach from an egoistic approach to a principal-based approach (integrity approach based on laws) Conclusion Caution will be needed due to the political environment and instability of Nigeria. The company will always need to be aware of what is going on politically on both the national and local levels. The corporate actions taken by Royal Dutch Shell has affected and destroyed a community. The company has tried to recover and fixed what they have done but they have not succeeded in doing so. Royal Dutch Shell has to build a relationship of trust with the Nigerian community. They have to let the community be heard when they are reaching out to let the company know what they need and allow them to be part of the reconstruction and rebuilding of their community. Shell is a very lucrative company that makes millions of dollars a day; they would be very hurt to lose this business operation base in Nigeria. Shell went from an egoistic operation in Nigeria to a principle based operation. If Shell even took on a larger sense of social responsibility, they would have gained a larger competitive advantage over the competition. Though the company was acquitted of several charges in January of 2013 by the Dutch courts and made responsible for the oil spills on the last count, there will be unrest in the local region as they want to make the company responsible for all of the problems. Careful steps will need to be taken to address the concerns in such a way to help the region and to lessen the criticism of the people and media. How to cite Royal Dutch Shell, Papers

Behind Subsidiaries Holding Parents Liable â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Behind Subsidiaries Holding Parents Liable? Answer: Introduction The company form of business structure has been given the status of separate legal entity, which is amongst the key features of this form of business structure. As per the separate legal entity concept, the companies are treated as a separate person from the ones who are supposed to run the affairs of the company (French et al. 2016). There have been numerous case laws where this concept has been applied but the case where this concept was born was that of Salomon v A Salomon And Co Ltd [1897] AC 22. The Corporations Act, 2001 (Cth), which is the act which governs the affairs of the company, also contains provisions regarding this status of the companies. In the following parts, a discussion has been carried whereby this very concept, particularly in context of Australia has been elucidated. Companies as Artificial Legal Person As was stated in the introductory segment, one of the characteristics of a company form of business structure is that a company is deemed as a separate artificial legal person. This is amongst the leading reasons for the popularity of company form of business structure (Abbott, Pendlebury and Wardman, 2007). As per this concept, the company has an existence in the eye of law where it is treated separately from the members and management of such company. Also, the choice of the name of company is always restricted as one name can only be given to one company. This name helps the company in making a case against others and even to others, in making a case against the company (Latimer, 2012). Also, owing to this artificial legal person status, even though a company is deemed as a person but the artificial segment of it gives it perpetual existence. So, the death of the management or directors does not mean the end of the company, effectively giving the company, an everlasting life (Kerr, 2014). A company does end, but only through liquidation, winding up, or an order of the court. As a result of this separate status of the company, for the debts of the company, the shareholders cannot be sued. They can only be asked to pay such sum of money, which is unpaid on their shares. Hence, the personal assets of the individual cannot be claimed upon by creditors in case the company fails to repay their debts (Gibson and Fraser, 2014). In Salomon v A Salomon And Co Ltd the House of Lords affirmed the concept that once a company is incorporated, it is deemed as a legal entity and it is separate from its shareholders. In the quoted case, the company was given a corporate personality whereby the creditors of the insolvent company could not sue the shareholders of the company for paying up the pending dues of the company. In this case, Salomon had incorporated the limited company for his long standing personal business where he was a shoe manufacturer. All of the shares were held by him and he had attained debentures upon the transfer of his former business to this incorporated company (Kershaw, 2012). Upon the failure of the company, the liquidator of the company made a contention that these floating charges should not be honoured, along with the contention to hold Salomon liable for the debts of the company, which led to Salomon making a case against them. The court held that the company had been incorporated in a proper manner and so, the court was not required to speculate upon the exorbitances and motives of the companys incorporation. Just because the shares of the company were held by a single person, did not change the fact that the company was separate person in law and was distinctive from the individuals who directed its will and mind. The court stated that the corporate veil of the company could only be lifted when there was an extraordinary case (Swarb, 2017). This is not the only case where the concept of separate legal entity was upheld by the court. Another leading matter in this regard is the case of Lee v Lee's Air Farming [1961] AC 12 in which in the company, Lee held all of the issued capital save for one share which the attorney of Lee held. The affairs of the company were effectively under his control. While he was on the job, he was killed and his widow made a claim for claiming the workers compensation, based on him being a worker. However, the New Zealand Court of Appeal rejected this claim based on the notion that Lee had effective control over the company but was not its employee. Upon the appeal being made to the Privy Council, the Council made inference from the case of Salomon and stated that the individual could work in dual capacity. In short, the Privy Council stated that the company is a separate legal entity and so, the shareholder and directors who enter a contract with the company, would be deemed as an employee of the company (Bourne, 2016). The Corporations Act, 2001 affirmed the stand on company being an artificial separate person. Under section 119 of the Corporations Act, the company comes into existence, on the very day on which it is registered, as a body corporate. And upon its formation, the company is to be deemed as a separate person, which carries on the operations of the company, which includes getting into the contractual obligations (Federal Register of Legislation, 2017). Section 198A(1) of this act provides that the companys business has to be managed as per the directions of the directors of the company. Section 198A(2) of this act covers that the powers can be exercised by the directors, which relate to the company (WIPO, 2015). This shows that the directors have only been given the power to run the affairs of the company on behalf of the company and not on their free will, which shows that the affairs of the company are run as per the will and mind of the directors but for the company, as per the objec tives of the company (Cassidy, 2006). Even though the artificial legal person status has been embedded in the Australian companies, along with the companies of thee other world, with changing time, this concept has also grown. This is with particular reference to the identification of where the affairs of the company have been conducted in a manner which requires the separate legal entity concept to be upheld and where there is a need to pierce the corporate veil (Bonomelli, 2014). With the advancements of this age, and the growing minds of the individuals, the case laws where this concept is effectively used, is being manipulated and at times, the theme of holding the company as an artificial legal person proves to be a costly affair for the different stakeholders. The leading example of this is the use of this concept in an unfair manner in the different cases associated with James Hardie Industries Limited, for instance ASIC v Macdonald (No. 11) [2009] NSWSC 287 and Peter James Shafron v Australian Securities and Investments Commission (2012) HCA 18; 286 ALR 612 (Norton Rose Fulbright, 2012). Even though the key management personal associated with this company were penalized and even disqualified, it does raise a question on the time delay which is taken from an incident occurring, to the relevant individuals being punished. The future of company law thus has to change to cope up with this misuse of the company being an artificial legal person, where they use this artificial legal person to their benefit and where the piercing of corporate veil takes a lot of time to be effective. This makes it very clear that the present day law, even though punishes the ones who are responsible for misusing this status, need to be more stringent and stricte r so that the wrongdoers think twice about misusing the artificial legal person status. Particularly, the penalties which can be imparted to the wrongdoers need to be raised as these were formed years ago. Hence, there is a need to raise the maximum amount of pecuniary penalty which can be awarded in such cases so that the individuals have to face a higher penalty which actually puts a hole in their pocket as the present penalties are just not sufficient in this regard. Conclusion To conclude the discussion carried above, the companies are deemed as artificial legal person as a result of which, the companies are treated separately from the director and the other key personnel who run the business of the company on the behalf of the company. There have been not one, but different case laws in which this concept has been upheld but Salomon was the key case where this concept was upheld and which have been quoted time and again. The Corporations Act also upholds this status of the companies and the companies are deemed as artificial separate legal person upon the registration of the company. However, the present day corporate law falls short of stopping the individuals from misusing the corporate status of the companies for their own personal use. This highlights the need for a change to be brought in the corporate law so as to raise the maximum limits of pecuniary penalty which can be awarded to the wrongdoer. References Abbott, K., Pendlebury, N., and Wardman, K. (2007) Business Law. 8th ed. London: Thomson. Bonomelli, M. (2014) Wholly-owned subsidiaries: same same but different. [Online] Lexology. Available from: https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=90cc6c72-de1a-4ba7-91d0-7cd7a798c5ed [Accessed on: 25/09/17] Bourne, N. (2012) Bourne on Company Law. 7th ed. Oxon: Routledge. Cassidy, J. (2006) Concise Corporations Law. 5th ed. NSW: The Federation Press. Federal Register of Legislation. (2017) Corporations Act 2001. [Online] Federal Register of Legislation. Available from: https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2013C00605 [Accessed on: 25/09/17] French, D., Mayson, S., and Ryan, C. (2014) Mayson, French Ryan on Company Law. 31st ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Gibson, A., and Fraser, D. (2014) Business Law 2014. 8th ed. Melbourne: Pearson Education Australia. Kerr, D. (2014) Hiding Behind Subsidiaries: Holding Parents Liable. [Online] The GULS Law Review. Available from: https://www.gulawreview.org/entries/commercial/hiding-behind-subsidiaries-holding-parents-liable [Accessed on: 25/09/17] Kershaw, D. (2012) Company Law in Context: Text and Materials. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Latimer, P. (2012) Australian Business Law 2012. 31st ed. Sydney, NSW: CCH Australia Limited. Norton Rose Fulbright. (2012) The James Hardie Decisions: Australian Securities Investments Commission v Hellicar Ors [2012] HCA17; Shafron v Australian Securities Investments Commission [2012] HCA 18. [Online] Norton Rose Fulbright. Available from: https://www.nortonrosefulbright.com/knowledge/publications/66582/the-james-hardie-decisions-australian-securities-investments-commission-v-hellicar-ors-hca17-shaf [Accessed on: 25/09/17] Swarb. (2017) Salomon v A Salomon and Company Ltd: HL 16 Nov 1896. [Online] Swarb. Available from: https://swarb.co.uk/salomon-v-a-salomon-and-company-ltd-hl-16-nov-1896/ [Accessed on: 25/09/17] WIPO. (2015) Corporations Act 2001. [Online] WIPO. Available from: https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/text.jsp?file_id=370817 [Accessed on: 25/09/17]